ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯍꯤꯠ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯆꯦꯟꯖꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯀꯅꯤ? - ꯅꯣꯂꯦꯖ

I. ꯕꯦꯁꯤꯛ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁ ꯗꯦꯇꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ (ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯜ ꯈꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ)

1. ꯍꯣꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯣꯜꯗ ꯃꯤꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯒꯨꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯥ (ꯏꯛꯕꯤꯄꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔꯦꯜ ꯉꯃꯈꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ)꯫

ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ, ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁ ꯋꯥꯇꯔ, ꯁꯔꯀꯨꯂꯦꯇꯤꯡ ꯋꯥꯇꯔ, ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯝ, ꯊꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯜ, ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯗꯤꯛ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯀꯥꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯁꯣꯜꯌꯨꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯅꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯏꯪꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯗꯤꯌꯥꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯗꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯛꯌꯨꯏꯄꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ; ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯀ꯭ꯂꯣꯔꯥꯏꯗ- ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯗꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯇꯤꯡ ꯀꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ 316L ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯅꯂꯦꯁ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯜ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯏꯇꯥꯅꯤꯌꯃꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯗꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯁꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯔꯇꯤꯀꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯂꯥꯏꯖꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯆꯦꯅꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯒꯦꯞ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣ ꯚꯦꯂꯣꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯡ-ꯊꯥꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯈꯟꯅꯧ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯐꯨꯗ-ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯐꯥꯔꯃꯥꯁ꯭ꯌꯨꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ-ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯠꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯅꯤꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗꯁꯤꯡ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯗꯤꯁꯁꯦꯝꯕꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯇꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯍꯅꯕꯥ) ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯍꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

2. ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯥꯎꯇꯂꯦꯠ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ (ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯠ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯐꯔꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯚꯤꯡ ꯐꯣꯔꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯏ) ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯎ꯫

ꯑꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯏꯪꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯥꯔꯒꯦꯠ ꯑꯥꯎꯇꯂꯦꯠ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯤꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤ 80ꯗꯒꯤ ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤ 50 ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯀꯨꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ , ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤ 20ꯗꯒꯤ ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤ 60 ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ)꯫

· ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯠ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯐꯔꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯚꯤꯡ ꯐꯣꯔꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯀꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯏ; ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯠ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯐꯔ ꯑꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫

· ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯣꯜꯗ-ꯁꯥꯏꯗ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯔꯣꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯤ, "ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯑꯦꯞꯔꯣꯆ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯇꯦꯁꯟ"- ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨꯁꯨ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫

· ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯖ ꯍꯣꯡꯂꯀꯄꯥ (ꯀꯟꯗꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯚꯥꯄꯣꯔꯦꯁꯅꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ) ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯥꯏꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫

3. ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯇꯤꯡ ꯂꯣꯗ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ (ꯍꯤꯠ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯆꯦꯟꯖ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯜ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ)

ꯍꯣꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯣꯜꯗ ꯁꯥꯏꯗ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯥꯁ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯃꯦꯠꯔꯤꯛ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣ ꯔꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯤꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯊꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯂꯣꯗ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯄꯨꯇꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫
ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯇꯤꯡ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯍꯨꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ: ꯃꯦꯛꯁꯤꯃꯝ ꯂꯣꯗ, ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯂꯣꯗ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯅꯤꯃꯝ ꯂꯣꯗ꯫
ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯛꯠꯌꯨꯑꯦꯇꯤꯡ ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯁꯟ (ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯃꯤꯇꯦꯟꯇ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯗꯛꯁꯅꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ) ꯌꯥꯎꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯗꯥꯏꯅꯥꯃꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯇꯤꯡ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯗꯞꯇꯦꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯈꯟꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯗꯦꯇꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯠ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯆꯦꯟꯖꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯣꯚꯔꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯟꯗꯔꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯍꯀꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫

꯴.ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯒꯤ ꯉꯃꯈꯩ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯊꯤꯡꯕꯁꯤꯡ (ꯏꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯌꯔꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯊꯤꯡꯕꯁꯤꯡ) ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫

ꯃꯦꯛꯁꯤꯃꯝ ꯑꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯞ ꯔꯦꯟꯖ-ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, 50 kPaꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄꯝꯄ ꯀꯦꯄꯥꯁꯤꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯥ꯫
→ ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯆꯦꯅꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣ ꯚꯦꯂꯣꯁꯤꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯥ ꯗꯤꯛꯇꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯏꯅꯔꯖꯤ ꯀꯟꯖꯨꯝꯄꯁꯟꯗꯥ ꯏꯊꯤꯜ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯈꯩꯒꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫

ꯏꯛꯌꯨꯏꯄꯃꯦꯟꯇꯀꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ, ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯠ/ ꯑꯥꯎꯇꯂꯦꯠ ꯑꯣꯔꯤꯑꯦꯟꯇꯦꯁꯟ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯤꯅꯦꯟꯁ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯤꯌꯔꯦꯟꯁ ꯌꯥꯎꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯂꯦꯁꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯀꯤ ꯑꯊꯤꯡꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯥ꯫
→ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯠ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯆꯦꯟꯖꯔ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯃꯒꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯃꯦꯟꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯤꯅꯦꯟꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯀꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯀꯅꯤ꯫

ꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯦꯄꯥꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯥꯟꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ (ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯀꯦꯄꯥꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯔꯤꯖꯔꯚ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯄꯤ)꯫
→ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯇꯥꯔꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯍꯤꯠ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯐꯔ ꯀꯦꯄꯥꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯣꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯂꯔ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯦꯗꯣꯞꯇ ꯇꯧꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫

ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ (ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯤꯅꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯗꯟꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯅꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯄꯤ)꯫
→ ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯇꯤꯡ ꯃꯣꯗ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯗꯟꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯏꯛꯕꯤꯄꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯀꯟꯐꯤꯒꯔꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯔꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯤꯅꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯅꯦꯟꯁꯀꯤ ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯄꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯁꯥꯐꯨ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫

II.

ꯊꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯂꯀꯨꯂꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯤꯠ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯐꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ (ꯀꯣꯔ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯟ ꯐꯦꯖ)

1. ꯊꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯂꯣꯗ ꯀꯦꯂꯀꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟ Q (ꯏꯛꯕꯤꯄꯃꯦꯟꯇꯀꯤ "ꯀꯦꯄꯥꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ" ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯏ)

ꯕꯦꯁꯤꯛ ꯀꯦꯂꯀꯨꯂꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯐꯣꯔꯃꯨꯂꯥ:
ꯀ꯭ꯌꯨ=m × Cp × ΔT
ꯑꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯏꯪꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯂꯀꯨꯂꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ; ꯊꯤꯑꯣꯔꯤꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯔꯖꯤ ꯀꯟꯖꯔꯕꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯟꯁꯤꯄꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏ꯫
ꯍꯤꯠ ꯂꯣꯁ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁ-ꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯠ ꯔꯤꯂꯤꯖ/ꯑꯦꯕꯁꯣꯔꯄꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯀꯥꯎꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
Q ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯤꯠ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯆꯦꯟꯖꯔ ꯁꯔꯐꯦꯁ ꯑꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯃꯥꯔꯤ ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯃꯤꯇꯔꯅꯤ꯫

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ꯂꯣꯒꯥꯔꯤꯊꯃꯤꯛ ꯃꯤꯟ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯗꯤꯐꯦꯟꯁ (ꯑꯦꯜ.ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯇꯤ.ꯗꯤ.)ꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯂꯀꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟ (ꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯚꯤꯡ ꯐꯣꯔꯁ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯁ)

ꯀꯥꯎꯟꯇꯔ-ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣ ꯀꯦꯂꯀꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟ ꯐꯣꯔꯃꯨꯂꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ:
ꯑꯦꯜ.ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯇꯤ.ꯗꯤ=(ΔT1 - ΔT2) / ln(ΔT1 / ΔT2)
ΔT1 ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ΔT2ꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯛ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯥꯀꯏ꯫
ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ LMTD ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ-ꯗꯤꯐꯦꯟꯁ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯚꯤꯡ ꯐꯣꯔꯁ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯏꯛꯌꯨꯏꯄꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫
ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯍꯤꯠ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯆꯦꯟꯖꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ LMTD ꯃꯦꯛꯁꯤꯃꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯎꯟꯇꯔ-ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣ ꯑꯦꯔꯦꯟꯖꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫

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꯳.ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯦꯐ (ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔꯦꯜ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯑꯦꯟꯁ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔ) ꯳.

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• ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯜꯇꯤ-ꯄꯥꯁ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯟ-ꯑꯥꯏꯗꯤꯌꯦꯜ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣ ꯄꯦꯇꯔꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯀꯣꯔꯔꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫

• ꯃꯁꯛ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯔꯦꯟꯖ: ꯰.꯷꯵–꯱.꯰꯫

• ꯃꯜꯇꯤ-ꯄꯥꯁ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ F-ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯃꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯚꯦꯂꯣꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯕ꯭ꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫

• ꯃꯦꯟꯌꯨꯐꯦꯀꯆꯔꯔꯒꯤ ꯁꯣꯐꯋꯦꯌꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯅꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

III.

ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯕꯔꯁꯟ (ꯊꯤꯑꯣꯔꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯏꯛꯕꯤꯄꯃꯦꯟꯇꯇꯥ)

1. ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯈꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ (ꯏꯐꯤꯁꯤꯑꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯚꯣꯜꯇ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯞ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯏ)

• ꯍꯦꯔꯤꯡꯕꯣꯟ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ: ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯠ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯆꯦꯟꯖ ꯏꯐꯤꯁꯤꯑꯦꯟꯁꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯞ꯫

• ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯣꯔꯣꯒꯦꯠ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ: ꯂꯣ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯞ, ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣ ꯔꯦꯠ, ꯂꯣ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯁ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ꯫

• ꯗꯤꯞ ꯀꯣꯔꯦꯒꯦꯠ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ: ꯑꯆꯦꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤ-ꯀ꯭ꯂꯣꯖꯤꯡ ꯀꯦꯄꯦꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ, ꯐꯧꯂꯤꯡ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ꯫

ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯑꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, 30 ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤ /60 ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤ )ꯅꯥ ꯇꯔꯕꯨꯂꯦꯟꯁ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯦꯒꯀꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯄꯤ꯫

2. ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯤꯠ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯆꯦꯟꯖ ꯑꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯦꯆ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫

• ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯟꯌꯨꯐꯦꯀꯆꯔꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯑꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯁꯤꯡ (꯰.꯱–꯳ ꯃꯤ.꯲/ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ) ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫

• ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯏ-ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣ-ꯔꯦꯠ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯨꯝꯃꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯨꯝꯃꯤ꯫

• ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯏꯛꯕꯤꯄꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯅꯦꯟꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯟꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

• ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯠ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯆꯦꯟꯖ ꯑꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯁꯥꯏꯖꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔꯦꯜ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

spiral-heat-exchanger-high-efficiencyccf72

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ꯑꯅꯌꯥꯡ ꯇꯦꯡꯒ꯭ꯔꯨꯏ ꯏꯅꯔꯖꯤ ꯁꯦꯚꯤꯡ ꯏꯛꯕꯤꯄꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯀꯣꯡ, ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯇꯦꯗꯅꯥ ꯌꯨ.ꯑꯦꯁ.

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